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T. Basavaraja ¹, M. Asif ¹, S. K. Mallikarjun ¹, S. Gangaprasad ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.k.v.k., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, U.a.s. (b), Shimoga, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to study the extent of genetic variability in yield and yield attributing traits under irrigated conditions. Genetic parameters of variability and heritability of 13 characters were studied in 100 genotypes of local rice. Co-efficients of variation were high for number of productive tillers per plant, grain yield per plant, number of tiller per plant, panicle number, plant height, panicle length, test weight, number of spikelet per panicle. The maximum genotypic co-efficient of variability and phenotypic co-efficient of variability were observed for test weight, number of productive tillers per plant, number of spikelet per panicle, amylase per cent and grain yield/plant (g). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean were observed for days to 50 per cent flowering, test weight, number of spikelet per panicle, per cent of spikelet fertility, protein per cent and grain yield/plant (g) will be useful for further breeding programme. Indicated the possibility of yield and quality improvement through adoption of selection procedures.

Keywords

Rice, Variability, Quality, Yield

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T. Basavaraja ¹, M. Asif ¹, S. K. Mallikarjun ¹, S. Gangaprasad ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G.K.V.K., University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, U.A.S. (B), Shimoga, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The associations among the yield components and direct and indirect influence of yield components on the grain yield of local rice were investigated at Agricultural college farm, Navile, Shimoga. The experiment was laid out in a 10 x 10 Simple Lattice Design with two replications which consisted of 100 local genotypes during Kharif 2010. The correlation analysis indicated that grain yield was significantly associated with panicle length, test weight, number of tiller per plant, number of productive tiller per plant, number of spikelet per panicle, per cent spikelet fertility and amylase per cent. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, panicle length, panicle number, number of productive tiller per plant, per cent spikelet fertility and amylase per cent had positive direct effect on grain yield. Hence, selection on these traits could be suggested to bring simultaneous improvement of yield and yield attributes.

Keywords

Correlation, Path Analysis, Rice, Yield

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D. Mrinmoy ¹, M. Asif ¹, K. T. Venkatesha ¹, K. V. Vijaya Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

To find the nature of gene action in okra, experiment was carried out with 10 x 10 half-diallel mating design and found 45 F₁ cross combinations. The present study indicated that both additive and non-additive gene action present in three traits i.e., days to 50 per cent flowering, fruit weight and number of nodes per plant and dominant gene action with asymmetrical distribution of genes and over dominance was found for all the characters. The positive and non-significant estimate of 'F' for all other characters except fruit weight suggests that the dominant genes are preponderant. In the present study the significance of t² value suggested the failure of the one or more assumption of diallel analysis for all the characters except days to 50 per cent flowering, fruit girth, plant height and number of nodes per plant.

Keywords

Okra, Half-diallel Cross, Gene Action

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M. Asif ¹, Y. G. Shadakshari ², S. J. Satheesh Naik ¹, K. T. Venkatesha ¹, K. v. Vijayakumar ¹, N. M. Basavaprabhu ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G.K.V.K., University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, karnataka, IN
2 AICRP (sunflower), Zonal Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G.K.V.K., University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

A Line × tester analysis of 45 hybrids in sunflower using three CMS lines and 15 testers was carried out to study the combining ability for seed yield and its contributing traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The result revealed that, variance due to SCA was greater than GCA for all the traits except stem diameter and 100-seed weight, which indicated preponderance of non-additive gene action for all traits, while additive gene action for stem diameter and 100-seed weight. Line CMS 54A was a good general combiner for early flowering, early maturity, plant height, test weight, seed yield and oil yield, while CMS 56A was a good general combiner for hull content and oil content. The testers RHA 93 and RHA 115R transmitted allele with additive effects for seed and oil yield. RHA 6D- 5-3-5 was good general combiner for early flowering and early maturity, while RHA 95C-1 was good general combiner for oil content. In lines CMS 54A and CMS 57A and in testers GKVK-1, GKVK-2, RHA 95C-1, RHA 6D-5-3-5, RHA-272-II, RHA 275, RHA-298, RHA-115R and RHA-115R possessed favorable alleles for most of the traits. Among hybrids CMS 57A × RHA 93 was identified as the best specific combiner for seed yield, oil yield, volume weight, head and stem diameter. CMS 56A × RHA 6D-5-3-5 was the best specific combination for early flowering and early maturity. While CMS 54A × RHA 6D-5-3-5 was the best specific combiner for economic trait oil content and oil yield.

Keywords

Sunflower, Line × Tester, Combining Ability

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K. V. Vijaya Kumar ¹, K. T. Venkatesha ¹, M. Asif ¹, E. Gangappa ¹, M. Pitchai Muthu ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
2 Division of Vegetable Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Using Mahalonobis D² statistic and Tocher method, 166 germplasm lines were grouped into 18 divergent clusters. Clustering pattern was not associated with geographical region of genotypes. Hence, Geographical separation may not be referred as index of genetic diversity. Yield per plant, Mean inter-node s length and nodes per plant contributed largely for total divergence, revealing ample scope for improvement of these traits. Maximum number of genotypes were congregated in cluster XVIII followed by cluster I. the highest inter cluster distance between cluster I and cluster XVIII emphasized the possibilities of getting high heterotic F1 hybrids as well as transgressive segregants in advanced generations for different traits , when hybridization is carried out involving genotypes between these two divergent clusters.

Keywords

Intra And Inter Clusters Distances, Intra And Inter Clusters Divergence And per Cent Contribution

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K. T. Venkatesha ¹, M. Asif ², K. V. Vijay Kumar ², H. Shivanna ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
2 Departments of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G.K.V.K., University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
3 Directorate of Research, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to assess drought tolerant and grain yield traits in maize. Seventeen stable and productive inbred lines were evaluated under drought condition. Results revealed that, The analysis of variance in respect to four drought tolerant and twelve yields and yield attributing characters indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes as revealed by 'F' test. Among the inbred lines, SKV-70, CML-249, CML-357 showed the better mean values for drought tolerant traits viz., SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), specific leaf area(SLA), anthesis silking interval (ASI), carbon isotope discrimination (Δ¹3C) in desirable direction. Lines NAI-143, NAI-156, SKV-70 had higher yielding ability along with good drought tolerance ability compared to other inbred lines.

Keywords

Spad Chlorophyll Meter Reading (SCMR), Specific Leaf Area (SLA), Anthesis Silking Interval (ASI), Carbon Isotope Discrimination (Δ¹³c)

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N. M. Basavaprabhu ¹, Niranjana Murthy ², M. Asif ¹, K. T. Venkatesha ¹, K. V. Vijayakumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G.K.V.K., University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
2 AICRP (U U Crops), MRS, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

A wide genetic variability among the genotypes was revealed by the D² analysis, where in 49 genotypes were grouped into ten clusters. Based on average inter-cluster distance, the clusters VII and VIII were found to be highly divergent from all the clusters, the intercluster D² value was 500.33, where lowest D² value was noticed between the clusters IV and VIII (23.35). The genotypes LRB- 461, LRB-462, LRB-463, LRB-464, LRB-465, LRB-466, LRB-467, LL-476, LRB-491, LRB-498 and LRB-490 were found to be divergent.

Keywords

Rice Bean, Genetic Divergence, Seed Yield

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Mahesh Meena ¹, E. Gangappa ¹, K. Mallikarjun ¹, T. Basavaraja ¹, M. Asif ¹, K. T. Venkatesha ², N. M. Basavaprabhu ², K. V. Vijayakumar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G.K.V.K., University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Studies were conducted on genetic variability for ten quantitative characters in F2 generation of three crosses in okra. The genotypic and phenotypic co-efficients of variations were moderate to high for all the characters except ridges per plant with reference to F₂ generation of the crosses C-II and C-III; whereas the F2 of C-I showed moderate to high PCV and GCV for all the traits except fruit diameter and fruits per plant High broad sense heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for fruit length and primary branches in C-II and C-III and for fruit length followed by nodes per plant in C-I which indicated lower environmental influence on these traits and the prevalence of additive genes. Simple and early selection schemes would be effective for the improvement of these traits.

Keywords

Okra, Genetic Variability, Genetic Advance, Heritability

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K. V. Vijaya Kumar ¹, K. T. Venkatesha ², M. Asif ¹, E. Gangappa ¹, M. Pitchaimuthu ³

Affiliations
1 Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN
3 Division of Vegetable Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the okra collections for all the traits. The estimates on variability parameters indicated considerable range of variation in the germplasm for all the characters studied. Environmental influence was meagre on expression of characters as evident by narrow gap between genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation. The genotypic and phenotypic co-efficients of variations were high for all the characters except days to 50 per cent of flowering and ridges per fruit. A high range of variation, genotypic co-efficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance on per cent mean for plant height, branches per plant, nodes per plants and fruit yield per plant was recorded. This indicated broad genetic base, less environmental influence and these traits are under control of additive genes, simple and early selection schemes would be effective for improvement of these traits. Despite high heritability, the mean of genetic advance was low for days to 50 per cent flowering indicating low variability for this trait.

Keywords

Genetic Variability, Okra, Germplasm

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